Resolution Rules
Every market has pre-defined resolution rules that specify:- Resolution source — Where the outcome will be determined from (e.g., official announcements, specific websites)
- End date — When the market is eligible for resolution
- Edge cases — How ambiguous situations should be handled
Proposal
Anyone can propose a resolution by:
- Selecting the winning outcome
- Posting a bond (typically $750 USDC.e)
- Submitting the proposal to the UMA Oracle
Challenge Period
After a proposal, there’s a 2-hour challenge period where anyone can dispute the outcome.
- If no dispute: The proposal is accepted and the market resolves
- If disputed: A new proposal round begins. If the second proposal is also disputed, the resolution escalates to UMA’s DVM (Data Verification Mechanism) for a token holder vote.
- No dispute — Propose then Resolve (fastest, ~2 hours)
- One dispute — Propose, Challenge, second Propose, Resolve (second proposal accepted)
- Two disputes — Propose, Challenge, second Propose, second Challenge, Resolve via DVM vote
Dispute (If Challenged)
To dispute a proposal:
- Post a counter-bond (same amount as proposer, typically $750)
- The dispute triggers a new proposal round, or if already in the second round, a debate period
#evidence-rationale and #voting-discussion).UMA Vote
After the debate period, UMA token holders vote on the correct outcome. The voting process takes approximately 48 hours.
| Outcome | Result | Bond Distribution |
|---|---|---|
| Proposer wins | Original proposal accepted | Proposer gets bond back + half of disputer’s bond |
| Disputer wins | Proposal rejected, new proposal needed | Disputer gets bond back + half of proposer’s bond |
| Too Early | Event hasn’t concluded yet | Disputer gets bond back + half of proposer’s bond |
| Unknown/50-50 | Neither outcome applicable (rare) | Market resolves 50/50 — each token redeems for $0.50; disputer gets bond back + half of proposer’s bond |
After Resolution
Once a market resolves:- Trading stops — You can no longer buy or sell tokens for this market
- Winning tokens become redeemable for $1.00 each
- Losing tokens become worthless ($0.00)
Redeeming Tokens
After resolution, call theredeemPositions function on the CTF contract to exchange winning tokens for USDC.e. The contract burns your tokens and returns the corresponding collateral.
Clarifications
In rare cases, unforeseen circumstances require clarification of the rules after trading begins. Polymarket may issue an “Additional context” update that proposers and voters should consider during resolution. Clarifications:- Cannot change the fundamental intent of the question
- Are published onchain via the bulletin board contract
- Should be considered by UMA voters when resolving disputes
Resolution Timeline
| Phase | Duration |
|---|---|
| Challenge period | 2 hours |
| Debate period (if disputed) | 24-48 hours |
| UMA voting (if disputed) | ~48 hours |
Contract Addresses
| Contract | Address | Network |
|---|---|---|
| UmaCtfAdapter v3.0 | 0x157Ce2d672854c848c9b79C49a8Cc6cc89176a49 | Polygon Mainnet |
| UmaCtfAdapter v2.0 | 0x6A9D222616C90FcA5754cd1333cFD9b7fb6a4F74 | Polygon Mainnet |
| UmaCtfAdapter v1.0 | 0xCB1822859cEF82Cd2Eb4E6276C7916e692995130 | Polygon Mainnet |
Resources
- UMA Oracle Portal — View and interact with proposals
- UMA Documentation — Learn more about the Optimistic Oracle
- Polymarket Discord — Discuss resolutions and request clarifications
- UmaCtfAdapter Source Code — Smart contract source
- UmaCtfAdapter Audit — Security audit report